Every trademark application in India must be filed in one or more of 45 Nice classes (NCL 12, the latest Nice Classification edition adopted by IP India). Goods are in classes 1–34, services in 35–45. Pick the wrong class and you either get refused or — worse — get a registered mark that doesn't actually protect your business.
Most brands need 1–3 classes. A D2C skincare brand is typically Class 3 + Class 5 + Class 35. A SaaS startup is Class 9 + Class 42 + Class 35. Below: every class with what it covers and real Indian brand examples.
Goods (Classes 1–34)
Chemicals & industrial use
Industrial chemicals, fertilizers, unprocessed plastics, fire-extinguishing compositions.
Indian examples: Tata Chemicals, Sudarshan Chemical.
Paints, varnishes, dyes
Paints, lacquers, pigments, anti-rust compositions, mordants.
Indian examples: Asian Paints, Berger.
Cosmetics & cleaning
Cosmetics, perfumes, soaps, detergents, hair care, oral care, essential oils.
Indian examples: Forest Essentials, Mamaearth, Plum, Sugar, Lakmé.
Fuels & lubricants
Industrial oils, greases, fuels, candles, wicks.
Indian examples: Castrol, Servo.
Pharmaceuticals & medicated
Medicines, dietary supplements, baby food, hygienic products, pesticides for medical use.
Indian examples: Sun Pharma, Cipla, Dabur (medicated).
Common metals
Steel, iron, aluminium products, hardware, locks, safes, ores.
Indian examples: Tata Steel, JSW.
Machines & motors
Industrial machines, motors (non-vehicle), agricultural machinery, robotics.
Indian examples: Mahindra Tractors, Bharat Forge.
Hand tools
Hand tools (manually operated), cutlery, razors.
Indian examples: Stanley, Taparia.
Electronics, software, apps
Software, mobile apps, downloadable content, electronics, scientific instruments, eyewear.
Indian examples: Razorpay (software), Paytm (app), Boat (audio), Nykaa (app).
Medical devices
Surgical instruments, prosthetics, hospital furniture, medical apparatus.
Indian examples: Trivitron, Forus Health.
Lighting, heating, cooking appliances
Lamps, heaters, ACs, refrigerators, stoves, water filters.
Indian examples: Voltas, Crompton, Havells.
Vehicles
Cars, two-wheelers, EVs, parts, tyres, accessories.
Indian examples: Tata Motors, Mahindra, Ola Electric, Ather.
Firearms & explosives
Firearms, ammunition, fireworks.
Indian examples: Sivakasi Fireworks (broadly).
Jewellery & watches
Precious metals, jewellery, watches, clocks.
Indian examples: Tanishq, BlueStone, CaratLane, Titan.
Musical instruments
Musical instruments and accessories.
Indian examples: Furtados, Bajaao.
Paper, stationery, books
Paper, books, magazines, stationery, packaging materials, art supplies.
Indian examples: Classmate (ITC), DOMS, Amar Chitra Katha.
Rubber & plastics (industrial)
Rubber, plastics in extruded form for industrial use, insulating materials.
Indian examples: Apollo Tyres (raw).
Leather goods
Leather, bags, wallets, luggage, umbrellas, walking sticks.
Indian examples: Hidesign, Da Milano.
Building materials (non-metallic)
Cement, tiles, sandstone, asphalt, glass for building.
Indian examples: Ultratech, ACC, Kajaria.
Furniture
Furniture, mirrors, picture frames, non-metallic containers.
Indian examples: Pepperfry, Urban Ladder, Godrej Interio.
Household utensils
Kitchen utensils, glassware, ceramics, brushes, combs.
Indian examples: Borosil, Hawkins, Prestige.
Ropes, sacks, tents
Ropes, threads, nets, sacks, awnings, tents.
Indian examples: Garware Ropes.
Yarns & threads
Yarns and threads for textile use.
Indian examples: Vardhman Yarn.
Textiles
Fabrics, bed/table linen, towels, mosquito nets.
Indian examples: Welspun, Trident, Bombay Dyeing.
Clothing, footwear, headgear
Apparel, shoes, hats, socks, underwear.
Indian examples: Manyavar, FabIndia, Bata, Liberty, Aurelia.
Lace, ribbons, buttons
Lace, embroidery, ribbons, buttons, hair accessories.
Indian examples: Classic Polo (broadly).
Carpets & wall hangings
Carpets, rugs, mats, wallpaper.
Indian examples: Obeetee, Jaipur Rugs.
Toys, games, sports
Toys, games, sporting articles, gymnastic apparatus.
Indian examples: Funskool, Mattel India, Yonex India.
Foods (meat, dairy, oils)
Meat, fish, eggs, dairy, edible oils, processed fruits/veg.
Indian examples: Amul, Mother Dairy, Britannia Cheese.
Foods (cereals, bakery, sauces)
Coffee, tea, bread, biscuits, snacks, sauces, spices.
Indian examples: Nestlé India, Britannia, MTR, Haldiram.
Agriculture & live animals
Live animals, fresh produce, seeds, pet food.
Indian examples: Dogspot, Drools, Farmley.
Non-alcoholic drinks (incl. beer)
Beer, mineral water, soft drinks, fruit juices.
Indian examples: Bira 91, Paper Boat, Bisleri, Slice.
Alcoholic beverages
Wine, spirits, liqueurs (excluding beer).
Indian examples: Sula, Royal Stag, Bira (spirits arm).
Tobacco & smoking
Tobacco, matches, smokers' articles.
Indian examples: ITC tobacco brands, Godfrey Phillips.
Services (Classes 35–45)
Advertising, retail, business services
Marketing, advertising, retail (online + offline), business consulting, e-commerce. The most filed service class.
Indian examples: Nykaa (retail), Flipkart, Myntra, Amazon India, NOW Media.
Financial services
Banking, insurance, real estate, financial consulting, payment services.
Indian examples: HDFC, Razorpay, PolicyBazaar, ICICI Lombard.
Construction & repair
Building construction, repair, installation services.
Indian examples: L&T Construction, Shapoorji Pallonji.
Telecommunications
Telecom services, internet provision, broadcasting.
Indian examples: Airtel, Jio, Vi.
Transport, logistics, travel
Transport, logistics, courier, travel arrangement, warehousing.
Indian examples: Delhivery, Ola, Uber India, IRCTC, MakeMyTrip.
Material treatment & manufacturing services
Custom manufacturing, recycling, material processing.
Indian examples: Tata Steel Processing.
Education & entertainment
Schools, training, online courses, sports, entertainment, publishing.
Indian examples: BYJU's, Unacademy, Vedantu, T-Series, Saregama.
Software (SaaS) & scientific services
Software-as-a-service, IT consulting, R&D, engineering services, design.
Indian examples: Razorpay (SaaS), Freshworks, Zoho, TCS, Infosys.
Restaurants, cafes, hotels
Food services, accommodation, cafes, cloud kitchens, catering.
Indian examples: Taj, Oyo, Swiggy (services aspect), CCD, Faasos, Behrouz.
Medical, beauty, agriculture services
Medical services, hospitals, beauty salons, veterinary, gardening.
Indian examples: Apollo Hospitals, VLCC, Practo.
Legal & security services
Legal, security, dating services, online social networking.
Indian examples: Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas, Khaitan & Co, ShaadiCom (matrimonial).
How to pick your classes
- List what you sell in plain English (e.g. “skincare creams, herbal supplements, online retail”).
- Map to classes — creams = Class 3, supplements = Class 5, online retail = Class 35.
- Add adjacent classes if your roadmap touches them. A SaaS brand should file Class 9 even if it's primarily Class 42, because the app/software itself is Class 9.
- Class 35 is the wildcard — almost every consumer brand needs it for “retail/online sale of [their goods]”, but it's also one of the most contested classes.
Common multi-class combinations
- D2C skincare: 3 + 5 + 35
- D2C food/snacks: 29 or 30 + 35
- SaaS / mobile app: 9 + 42 + 35
- EdTech: 41 + 9 + 42
- Cloud kitchen: 43 + 30 + 35
- Fintech app: 9 + 36 + 42
- Fashion brand: 25 + 35
- Hospital/clinic: 44 + 35
- Brewery: 32 (+ 33 if alcoholic) + 43
- Hotel: 43 + 35
- Creative agency: 35 + 42 + 41
The cost of getting class wrong
File Class 35 for a skincare product? Examiner refuses on Section 11 grounds. ₹4,500 wasted. File Class 25 (clothing) for a SaaS brand? You have a registered trademark that protects you for nothing — anyone can sell software using your name and you can't enforce. The class isn't a formality.
Run the search per class
IP India's public search forces you to pick a class for every search. So you have to repeat search → CAPTCHA → results for every class your goods/services touch. BrandAuditor infers your likely classes from a plain-English category and runs wordmark + phonetic search across all of them in one pass.